Masrul Efendi Umar Harahap, Esli Zuraidah Siregar, and Khoirul Anwar. “An Analysis of the Role of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) in Promoting Community Economic Empowerment in Padangsidimpuan City: A Da’wah Perspective”. DAWUH : Islamic Communication Journal 7, no. 2 (July 21, 2026): 396-405. Accessed July 22, 2026. https://siducat.org/index.php/dawuh/article/view/2452.