Studi Kritik Terhadap Merdeka Belajar
Keywords:
Merdeka Belajar, Kritik, Pendidikan
Abstract
Kurikulum di Indonesia akhirnya berubah ditahun 2019 menjadi merdeka belajar, Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (Mendikbud) Nadiem Anwar Makarim, menetapkan empat program pokok kebijakan pendidikan “Merdeka Belajar”. Program tersebut meliputi Ujian Sekolah Berstandar Nasional (USBN), Ujian Nasional (UN), Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP), dan Peraturan Penerimaan Peserta Didik Baru (PPDB) Zonasi. Tulisan ini untuk untuk memberikan kritik mengenai merdeka belajar berdasarkan berbagai sumber. Jenis penelitian ini adalah studi pustaka. Kesimpulannya addalah merdeka belajar merupakan sebuah inovasi yang sangat baik yang diinisiasi oleh Menteri Pendidikan yakni Bapak Nadiem Makarim, namun masih banyak kelemahan dalam pelaksanaannya.
References
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Masyhud. (2014). Perubahan kurikulum di indonesia : studi kritis tentang upaya menemukan kurikulum pendidikan islam yang ideal. Raudhah, IV(1), 49–70.
Mega, A., Ratri, D. K. M., Timan, A., Argadinata, H., Faraasya, G., & F., A. K. R. (2020). Perubahan Kurikulum yang Didasari oleh Perubahan Sosial dan Budaya di Masyarakat. Seminar Nasional Jurusan Administrasi Pendidikan FIP Universitas Negeri Malang, 6–12. http://conference.um.ac.id/index.php/apfip/article/view/352
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Mishra, L., Gupta, T., & Shree, A. (2020). Online teaching-learning in higher education during lockdown period of COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Educational Research Open, 1, 100012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2020.100012
Muhammedi. (2016). Perubahan kurikulum di indonesia : studi kritis tentang upaya menemukan kurikulum pendidikan islam yang ideal. Raudhah, IV(1), 49–70.
Munir Yusuf. (2018). Pengantar Ilmu Pendidikan. Lembaga Penerbit Kampus IAIN Palopo, 126.
Nazir, M. (2003). Metode Penelitian. Ghalia Indonesia.
Ożadowicz, A. (2020). Modified blended learning in engineering higher education during the COVID-19 lockdown-building automation courses case study. Education Sciences, 10(10), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci10100292
Pišot, S., Milovanović, I., Šimunič, B., Gentile, A., Bosnar, K., Prot, F., Bianco, A., Lo Coco, G., Bartoluci, S., Katović, D., Bakalár, P., Kovalik Slančová, T., Tlučáková, L., Casals, C., Feka, K., Christogianni, A., & Drid, P. (2020). Maintaining everyday life praxis in the time of COVID-19 pandemic measures (ELP-COVID-19 survey). European Journal of Public Health, 30(6), 1181–1186. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaa157
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Rachmadtullah, R., Subandowo, M., Rasmitadila, Humaira, M. A., Aliyyah, R. R., Samsudin, A., & Nurtanto, M. (2020). Use of Blended Learning with Moodle: Study Effectiveness in Elementary School Teacher Education Students during The COVID-19 pandemic Kedisiplinan dalam Manajemen kelas View project Use of Blended Learning with Moodle: Study Effectiveness in Elementary Sc. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(7), 3272–3277. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341724918
Ria Norfika Yuliandari, S. H. (2020). Implikasi Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum Dan Survei Karakter Terhadap Pengelolaan Pembelajaran SD Ria. Jurnal Kependidikan Dasar Islam Berbasis Sains, 5(2), 203–219. https://doi.org/10.24832/jpnk.v16i2.446
Rudi, M. (2019). Efektivitas Penerimaan Peserta Didik Menggunakan Sistem Zonasi Dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Sekolah. In Pedagogi: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan (Issue X, pp. 1–8). http://pedagogi.ppj.unp.ac.id/
Saadat, S., Rawtani, D., & Hussain, C. M. (2020). Environmental perspective of COVID-19. Science of the Total Environment, 728, 138870. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138870
Sari, D. D. I., Ananda, A., Montessori, M., & Fatmariza, F. (2022). Persepsi Guru Terhadap Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Satu Lembar di SMP Negeri Kecamatan Sutera Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan. Journal of Civic Education, 5(2), 278–283. https://doi.org/10.24036/jce.v5i2.660
Sari, D. M. M. (2018). PERSIAPAN UNAS SD MELALUI PELAKSANAAN DAN PEMBAHASAN TRY OUT DI DESA SUMOKALI. 1, 11–15.
Sarwono, J. (2006). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif dan Kualitatif. Graha Ilmu.
Sefriani, R., Sepriana, R., Wijaya, I., Radyuli, P., & Menrisal. (2021). Blended learning with edmodo: The effectiveness of statistical learning during the covid-19 pandemic. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 10(1), 293–299. https://doi.org/10.11591/IJERE.V10I1.20826
Simbolon, K. (2020). Ujian Nasional Sebagai Penentu Kelulusan Merugikan Peserta Didik. 57(2), 1–14.
Sobri, A. Y. (2016). MENIMBANG KEBIJAKAN UJIAN NASIONAL: MENCARI SOLUSI PENINGKATAN KUALITAS PENDIDIKAN. http://ap.fip.um.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Artikel-unas-AY-Sobri.pdf
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The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health. (2020). Pandemic school closures: risks and opportunities. The Lancet Child and Adolescent Health, 4(5), 341. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30105-X
Widyastuti, R. T. (2020). Dampak Pemberlakuan Sistem Zonasi Terhadap Mutu Sekolah Dan Peserta Didik. Edusaintek : Jurnal Pendidikan, Sains Dan Teknologi, 7(1), 11–19. https://doi.org/10.47668/edusaintek.v7i1.46
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Andriani, W. (2020). Pentingnya Perkembangan Pembaharuan Kurikulum dan Permasalahannya. Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.35542/osf.io/rkjsg
Audrey Nicholls, S. H. N. (2018). Developing a Curriculum (A Practical Guide). Routledge.
Azhari, B., & Fajri, I. (2022). Distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic: School closure in Indonesia. International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 53(7), 1934–1954. https://doi.org/10.1080/0020739X.2021.1875072
Bordoloi, R., Das, P., & Das, K. (2021). Perception towards online/blended learning at the time of Covid-19 pandemic: an academic analytics in the Indian context. Asian Association of Open Universities Journal, 16(1), 41–60. https://doi.org/10.1108/AAOUJ-09-2020-0079
Cahyana, A. (2020). PROSPEK AKM DAN SURVEI KARAKTER: MEMPERKUAT BASIS PRALITERASI DAN PRANUMERASI USIA DINI. https://banpaudpnf.kemdikbud.go.id/berita/prospek-akm-dan-survei-karakter-memperkuat-basis-praliterasi-dan-pranumerasi-usia-dini
Disabilitas, S. (2021). Kelebihan dan Kekurangan RPP 1 Lembar. https://www.suryadisabilitas.com/2021/02/kelebihan-dan-kekurangan-rpp-1-lembar.html
Downie, B. (2012). Effects of school closure on incidence of pandemic influenza in Alberta, Canada. Thorax, 67(11), 949. https://doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-202054
Fibra, N. P., & Indrawadi, J. (2021). Kendala-Kendala dalam Penyusunan dan Pelaksanaan Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Program Merdeka Belajar (Studi pada Guru PPKn di SMA Negeri 1 Gunung Talang). Journal of Education, Cultural and Politics, 1(2), 70–76.
Haeck, C., & Lefebvre, P. (2020). Pandemic school closures may increase inequality in test scores. Canadian Public Policy, 46(1), S82–S87. https://doi.org/10.3138/CPP.2020-055
Hamalik, O. (2019). Kurikulum dan Pembelajaran. 106.
Ihsan, M. (2022). Kesiapan Guru dalam Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar. Seri Publikasi Pembelajaran, 1, 37. https://www.kompasiana.com/aufazakian0630/62a1bd252098ab6c3265f015/kesiapan-guru-dalam-implementasi-kurikulum-merdeka-belajar
Indonesia, P. R. (2003). UNDANG UNDANG REPUBLIK INDONESIA NOMOR 20 TAHUN 2003 TENTANG SISTEM PENDIDIKAN NASIONAL. Demographic Research, 49(0), 1-33 : 29 pag texts + end notes, appendix, referen.
SISTEM PENDIDIKAN NASIONAL, Pub. L. No. UNDANG-UNDANG REPUBLIK INDONESIA (2003).
Johnson, A. P. (2000). It’s Time for Madeline Hunter to Go: A New Look at Lesson Plan Design. Action in Teacher Education, 22(1), 72–78. https://doi.org/10.1080/01626620.2000.10462994
Journal, I. (2020). Nerantzi , Chrissi ( 2020 ) The use of peer instruction and flipped learning to support flexible blended learning during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic . Downloaded from : http://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/626131/ Version : Accepted Version Publisher : New Millen. 7, 184–195.
Julaeha, S. (2019). Problematika Kurikulum dan Pembelajaran Pendidikan Karakter. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Islam, 7(2), 157. https://doi.org/10.36667/jppi.v7i2.367
Kampar, K., & High, S. (2019). PERSEPSI GURU TERHADAP SURAT EDARAN KEMENDIKBUD. 7(14), 1–12.
Kawano, S., & Kakehashi, M. (2015). Substantial impact of school closure on the transmission dynamics during the pandemic Flu H1N1-2009 in Oita, Japan. PLoS ONE, 10(12), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0144839
Kemendikbud. (2018). Sistem Zonasi Pemerataan pendidikan yang bermutu dan berkeadilan. Kemendikbud RI, 4(5), 24.
Khalifa, S. A. M., Swilam, M. M., Abd El-Wahed, A. A., Du, M., El-Seedi, H. H. R., Kai, G., Masry, S. H. D., Abdel-Daim, M. M., Zou, X., Halabi, M. F., Alsharif, S. M., & El-Seedi, H. R. (2021). Beyond the pandemic: COVID-19 pandemic changed the face of life. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(11), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115645
Kumar, A., Krishnamurthi, R., Bhatia, S., Kaushik, K., Ahuja, N. J., Nayyar, A., & Masud, M. (2021). Blended Learning Tools and Practices: A Comprehensive Analysis. IEEE Access, 9, 85151–85197. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3085844
Mali, D., & Lim, H. (2021). How do students perceive face-to-face/blended learning as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic? International Journal of Management Education, 19(3), 100552. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2021.100552
Masyhud. (2014). Perubahan kurikulum di indonesia : studi kritis tentang upaya menemukan kurikulum pendidikan islam yang ideal. Raudhah, IV(1), 49–70.
Mega, A., Ratri, D. K. M., Timan, A., Argadinata, H., Faraasya, G., & F., A. K. R. (2020). Perubahan Kurikulum yang Didasari oleh Perubahan Sosial dan Budaya di Masyarakat. Seminar Nasional Jurusan Administrasi Pendidikan FIP Universitas Negeri Malang, 6–12. http://conference.um.ac.id/index.php/apfip/article/view/352
Mendikbud. (2019). Mendikbud Tetapkan Empat Pokok Kebijakan Pendidikan “Merdeka Belajar.” https://www.kemdikbud.go.id/main/blog/2019/12/mendikbud-tetapkan-empat-pokok-kebijakan-pendidikan-merdeka-belajar
Mishra, L., Gupta, T., & Shree, A. (2020). Online teaching-learning in higher education during lockdown period of COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Educational Research Open, 1, 100012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2020.100012
Muhammedi. (2016). Perubahan kurikulum di indonesia : studi kritis tentang upaya menemukan kurikulum pendidikan islam yang ideal. Raudhah, IV(1), 49–70.
Munir Yusuf. (2018). Pengantar Ilmu Pendidikan. Lembaga Penerbit Kampus IAIN Palopo, 126.
Nazir, M. (2003). Metode Penelitian. Ghalia Indonesia.
Ożadowicz, A. (2020). Modified blended learning in engineering higher education during the COVID-19 lockdown-building automation courses case study. Education Sciences, 10(10), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci10100292
Pišot, S., Milovanović, I., Šimunič, B., Gentile, A., Bosnar, K., Prot, F., Bianco, A., Lo Coco, G., Bartoluci, S., Katović, D., Bakalár, P., Kovalik Slančová, T., Tlučáková, L., Casals, C., Feka, K., Christogianni, A., & Drid, P. (2020). Maintaining everyday life praxis in the time of COVID-19 pandemic measures (ELP-COVID-19 survey). European Journal of Public Health, 30(6), 1181–1186. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaa157
Pitopang, Ak. (2022). Pengalaman Saya Menjadi Teknisi ANBK dan Kiat Sukses Pelaksanaannya di Sekolah. https://www.kompasiana.com/akbarisation/6321fa594addee72d80318a2/pengalaman-saya-menjadi-teknisi-anbk-dan-kiat-sukses-pelaksanaannya?page=2&page_images=1
Purnomo. (2019). Dampak Sistem Zonasi, Pelajar Ini Tak Diterima di SMP Favorit, 15 Piagam Dibakar. https://manado.tribunnews.com/2019/06/27/dampak-sistem-zonasi-pelajar-ini-tak-diterima-di-smp-favorit-15-piagam-dibakar
Putri, R. (2019). Pengaruh Kebijakan Perubahan Kurikulum Terhadap Pembelajaran Sekolah. Pendidikan Seni Rupaupa, 1(1), 1–8.
R. Ibrahim, M. (2021). Beberapa Catatan Tentang Kurikulum dan Pembelajaran. 14. https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=EAgiEAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA55&dq=kurikulum+dan+pembelajaran&ots=CHIa8f_Drn&sig=fsriBBRzNZe_iPkPXsOsC_ySm-M
Rachmadtullah, R., Subandowo, M., Rasmitadila, Humaira, M. A., Aliyyah, R. R., Samsudin, A., & Nurtanto, M. (2020). Use of Blended Learning with Moodle: Study Effectiveness in Elementary School Teacher Education Students during The COVID-19 pandemic Kedisiplinan dalam Manajemen kelas View project Use of Blended Learning with Moodle: Study Effectiveness in Elementary Sc. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(7), 3272–3277. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341724918
Ria Norfika Yuliandari, S. H. (2020). Implikasi Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum Dan Survei Karakter Terhadap Pengelolaan Pembelajaran SD Ria. Jurnal Kependidikan Dasar Islam Berbasis Sains, 5(2), 203–219. https://doi.org/10.24832/jpnk.v16i2.446
Rudi, M. (2019). Efektivitas Penerimaan Peserta Didik Menggunakan Sistem Zonasi Dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Sekolah. In Pedagogi: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan (Issue X, pp. 1–8). http://pedagogi.ppj.unp.ac.id/
Saadat, S., Rawtani, D., & Hussain, C. M. (2020). Environmental perspective of COVID-19. Science of the Total Environment, 728, 138870. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138870
Sari, D. D. I., Ananda, A., Montessori, M., & Fatmariza, F. (2022). Persepsi Guru Terhadap Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Satu Lembar di SMP Negeri Kecamatan Sutera Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan. Journal of Civic Education, 5(2), 278–283. https://doi.org/10.24036/jce.v5i2.660
Sari, D. M. M. (2018). PERSIAPAN UNAS SD MELALUI PELAKSANAAN DAN PEMBAHASAN TRY OUT DI DESA SUMOKALI. 1, 11–15.
Sarwono, J. (2006). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif dan Kualitatif. Graha Ilmu.
Sefriani, R., Sepriana, R., Wijaya, I., Radyuli, P., & Menrisal. (2021). Blended learning with edmodo: The effectiveness of statistical learning during the covid-19 pandemic. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 10(1), 293–299. https://doi.org/10.11591/IJERE.V10I1.20826
Simbolon, K. (2020). Ujian Nasional Sebagai Penentu Kelulusan Merugikan Peserta Didik. 57(2), 1–14.
Sobri, A. Y. (2016). MENIMBANG KEBIJAKAN UJIAN NASIONAL: MENCARI SOLUSI PENINGKATAN KUALITAS PENDIDIKAN. http://ap.fip.um.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Artikel-unas-AY-Sobri.pdf
Subiyantoro. (2015). Pengembangan Kurikulum: Suatu Kajian Teori dan Praktik Pada Sekolah, Madrasah, dan Perguruan Tinggi. Samodra Ilmu.
Sugiyono, S. (2015). Statistika Untuk Penelitian. Alfabeta.
The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health. (2020). Pandemic school closures: risks and opportunities. The Lancet Child and Adolescent Health, 4(5), 341. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30105-X
Widyastuti, R. T. (2020). Dampak Pemberlakuan Sistem Zonasi Terhadap Mutu Sekolah Dan Peserta Didik. Edusaintek : Jurnal Pendidikan, Sains Dan Teknologi, 7(1), 11–19. https://doi.org/10.47668/edusaintek.v7i1.46
Zhao, J., Yuan, Q., Wang, H., Liu, W., Liao, X., Su, Y., Wang, X., Yuan, J., Li, T., Li, J., Qian, S., Hong, C., Wang, F., Liu, Y., Wang, Z., He, Q., Li, Z., He, B., Zhang, T., … Zhang, Z. (2020). Antibody Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Patients with Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 71(16), 2027–2034. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa344
Published
2023-04-28
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