Green Islamic Philanthropy and Socio-Ecological Sustainability: Integrating Fiqh al-Bi'ah and Fiqh al-Iqtishad in Zakat Management
Abstract
Pekalongan Regency has recently experienced an increase in ecological crises, marked by floods, landslides, and extreme weather, including a major disaster in Petungkriyono in 2025 and various floods in other regions. This condition indicates an increase in environmental vulnerability, affecting the community's socio-economic life and reflecting the disruption of the harmonious relationship between humans and nature. In the Islamic perspective, the crisis is not only understood as a natural phenomenon, but also as an indication of the weakening of ecological consciousness and human responsibility as caliphs. This situation demands transforming zakat governance through a green Islamic philanthropy approach that integrates economic and ecological dimensions simultaneously through the synergy of fiqh al-iqtishad and fiqh al-bi'ah.
This study uses a qualitative case study design to examine NU Care-LAZISNU in Pekalongan Regency. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation, then analyzed using an interactive model that included data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions.
The results of the study show that the management of Zakat, Infaq, and Alms (ZIS-DSKL) is based on a participatory collection system and tiered distribution, which strengthens social trust and the effectiveness of fund distribution. The program's implementation includes empowering the mustahik economy, providing clean water, developing sanitation, reforestation, and strengthening an environment-based productive economy. Fiqh al-iqtishad plays a role in promoting distributive justice and economic empowerment, while fiqh al-bi'ah serves as the basis for ethical principles in maintaining environmental sustainability. The integration of the two forms a green Islamic philanthropy model that is not only oriented towards poverty alleviation but also towards improving environmental quality. Furthermore, this governance contributes to socio-ecological sustainability by fostering a reciprocal relationship between social welfare and environmental quality. This study concludes that green Islamic philanthropy represents a transformation of zakat governance that integrates fiqh al-iqtishad and fiqh al-bi'ah in a complementary manner, so that zakat functions not only as an instrument of economic redistribution but also as a sustainable development mechanism that connects social justice and environmental sustainability.
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