Meritocracy in Islamic Boarding School Tradition as Talent and Performance Based Human Resource Management in Islamic Higher Education Institutions
Keywords:
Meritocracy, Islamic Boarding School Tradition, Human Resources
Abstract
Meritocracy as a principle of fairness and reward for achievement is an important foundation in human resource management (HRM), and its application in the pesantren tradition contributes to strengthening management in Islamic Higher Education Institutions (PTKI). This study aims to examine how the applica-tion of meritocracy in the pesantren tradition can become a model for talent- and performance-based HRM in PTKI. The background of this study is the need for a fair and transparent HRM system to improve the quality of Islamic higher education. The research method used a qualitative approach with a case study at the Darussalam Blokagung Banyuwangi Islamic Boarding School, which is integrated with KH. Mukhtar Syafaat University. Data collection was carried out through interviews, participatory observation, and documentation, then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model. The results of the study show that meritocracy is reflected in the selection, training, and evaluation mechanisms for students through an emphasis on academic achievement, spirituality, and leadership. Integration with PTKI strengthens performance-based HR management, producing high-quality graduates. This study provides a new perspective that the pesantren tradition is relevant as a model of talent, performance, and fairness-based HR management.
References
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Bitektine, A., & Song, F. (2023). On the role of institutional logics in legitimacy evaluations: The effects of pricing and CSR signals on organizational legitimacy. Journal of Management, 49(3), 1070–1105.
Boud, D., & Bearman, M. (2024). The assessment challenge of social and collaborative learning in higher education. Educational Philosophy and Theory, 56(5), 459–468.
Buanaputra, V. G., Astuti, D., & Sugiri, S. (2022). Accountability and legitimacy dynamics in an Islamic boarding school. Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change, 18(4), 553–570.
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Ferede, W. L., Endawoke, Y., & Tessema, G. (2025). Assessment of meritocracy, accountability, and public service reforms in Ethiopia: evidence from public organizations in the Northwest Region. Cogent Business & Management, 12(1), 2492388.
Fernandez, S., & Cheema, F. (2025). Testing the effects of merit appointments and bureaucratic autonomy on governmental performance: Evidence from African bureaucracies. Public Administration Review, 85(5), 1460–1475.
Fuentes, J. L., & Sánchez-Pérez, Y. (2024). The complexity of ethical assessment: Interdisciplinary challenge for character education. Nursing Ethics, 31(1), 65–78.
Gamage, K. A. A., Dehideniya, D., & Ekanayake, S. Y. (2021). The role of personal values in learning approaches and student achievements. Behavioral Sciences, 11(7), 102.
Haesebrouck, K., Van den Abbeele, A., & Williamson, M. G. (2021). Building trust through knowledge sharing: Implications for incentive system design. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 93, 101241.
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Kazu, brahim Y. ar, & Kuvvetli, M. (2023). A triangulation method on the effectiveness of digital game-based language learning for vocabulary acquisition. Education and Information Technologies, 28(10), 13541–13567.
Koeswayo, P. S., Haryanto, H., & Handoyo, S. (2024). The impact of corporate governance, internal control and corporate reputation on employee engagement: a moderating role of leadership style. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1), 2296698.
Konrad, A. M., Richard, O. C., & Yang, Y. (2021). Both diversity and meritocracy: Managing the diversity‐meritocracy paradox with organizational ambidexterity. Journal of Management Studies, 58(8), 2180–2206.
Kumar, A., Bapuji, H., & Mir, R. (2022). “Educate, agitate, organize”: Inequality and ethics in the writings of Dr Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar. Journal of Business Ethics, 1–14.
Laufer, M., Deacon, B., Mende, M. A., & Schäfer, L. O. (2025). Leading with trust: How university leaders can foster innovation with educational technology through organizational trust. Innovative Higher Education, 50(1), 303–327.
Leithwood, K. (2021). A review of evidence about equitable school leadership. Education Sciences, 11(8), 377.
Li, H., & Ergenc, C. (2024). Party-led public participation in neighborhood governance: a comparative analysis of two forms of social networks. Journal of Chinese Governance, 9(1), 130–152.
Loo, S. H., Wider, W., Lajuma, S., Jiang, L., Kenikasahmanworakhun, P., Tanucan, J. C. M., & Ahmad Khadri, M. W. A. (2024). Key factors affecting employee job satisfaction in Malaysian manufacturing firms post COVID-19 pandemic: a Delphi study. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1), 2380809.
Mikiewicz, P. (2021). Social capital and education–An attempt to synthesize conceptualization arising from various theoretical origins. Cogent Education, 8(1), 1907956.
Mujahid, I. (2021). Islamic orthodoxy-based character education: creating moderate Muslim in a modern pesantren in Indonesia. Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies, 11(2), 185–212.
Mulaphong, D. (2023). Does meritocracy produce desirable outcomes for public organizations? Results of a worldwide expert survey from 149 nations. Public Integrity, 25(6), 578–598.
Mun, E., & Kodama, N. (2022). Meritocracy at work?: Merit-based reward systems and gender wage inequality. Social Forces, 100(4), 1561–1591.
Nuryadi, S., Prayitno, I., & Kumoro, D. F. C. (2025). A Model of Character Development for Santri: The Role of Ethical Leadership, Value Development, and Character-Based Learning Mediated by Students’ Experiences. International Journal of Social and Management Studies, 6(1), 15–23.
Ossai, M. C., Ethe, N., Edougha, D. E., & Okeh, O. D. (2023). Academic integrity during examinations, age and gender as predictors of academic performance among high school students. International Journal of Educational Development, 100, 102811.
Öztürk, A., & Arun, K. (2025). Nudge theory on intrapreneurship: a conceptual view. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 17(2), 453–482.
Richardson, J. L., Moore, A., Bromley, R. L., Stellfeld, M., Geissbhler, Y., Bluett-Duncan, M., Winterfeld, U., Favre, G., Alexe, A., & Oliver, A. M. (2023). Core data elements for pregnancy pharmacovigilance studies using primary source data collection methods: recommendations from the IMI ConcePTION project. Drug Safety, 46(5), 479–491.
Roqib, M. (2021). Increasing social class through islamic boarding schools in Indonesia. Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 12(2), 305–329.
Sahrodi, J., & Karim, A. (2025). Leader power of Islamic higher education institutions in improving the performance of human resources management. Cogent Arts & Humanities, 12(1), 2442818.
Sakti, S. A., Endraswara, S., & Rohman, A. (2024). Revitalizing local wisdom within character education through ethnopedagogy apporach: A case study on a preschool in Yogyakarta. Heliyon, 10(10).
Sato, S. N., Condes Moreno, E., Rubio-Zarapuz, A., Dalamitros, A. A., Yañez-Sepulveda, R., Tornero-Aguilera, J. F., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2023). Navigating the new normal: Adapting online and distance learning in the post-pandemic era. Education Sciences, 14(1), 19.
Setiawan, A., Azhar, A. K., & Rofiq, i A. (2025). TADBIR : Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam TADBIR : Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam. 13(01), 99–114. https://journal.iaingorontalo.ac.id/index.php/tjmpi/article/download/5772/2694
Setiawan, A., & Ekaningsih, L. A. F. (2025). Education financing management in the digital era: An analysis of the role of virtual accounts tuition payments in Islamic boarding school. Proceeding: Islamic Education Management International Conference, 1(1), 1–15.
Setiawan, A., Huzali, I., & Wafiroh, N. (2024). The Role of Performance Appraisal on Educator Retention and Motivation in Islamic Junior School. 7(4), 278–285.
Shah, R., & Inamullah, H. M. (2025). The Role of Madrassa Education in Cultivating Moral Excellence: A Qualitative Analysis. Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works, 3(2), 63–72.
Situmorang, B. (2022). Development of Traditional Management Model of Traditional Islamic Boarding School Education Based on Total Quality Management in Islamic Education (Tqm-Ie) in Aceh Province, Indonesia. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 6(5), 7355–7377.
Taja, N., Nurdin, E. S., Kosasih, A., Suresman, E., & Supriyadi, T. (2021). Character education in the pandemic era: A religious ethical learning model through Islamic education. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 20(11), 132–153.
Tarigan, A., Gustomo, A., & Bangun, Y. R. (2025). Are performance appraisals in the public sector fair? EXPLORING bias and best practices. Cogent Business & Management, 12(1), 2458760.
Waltzer, T., Cox, R. L., & Heyman, G. D. (2023). Testing the ability of teachers and students to differentiate between essays generated by ChatGPT and high school students. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2023(1), 1923981.
Wijaya Mulya, T., & Sakhiyya, Z. (2021). ‘Leadership is a sacred matter’: women leaders contesting and contextualising neoliberal meritocracy in the Indonesian academia. Gender and Education, 33(7), 930–945.
Yener, C. (2021). Exploring the Drivers of Research Productivity: A Study of Motivation and Hygiene Factors Among Academics. Journal of Policy Options, 4(2), 30–36.
Ajayi, V. O. (2023). A review on primary sources of data and secondary sources of data. Available at SSRN 5378785.
Al Mansoori, M. S., Jabeen, F., Piccardi, P., & Pezone, A. (2025). Unraveling knowledge sharing behavior under ethical leadership: the mediating role of knowledge-centered culture and intrinsic motivation. Journal of Knowledge Management.
Alam, A., & Mohanty, A. (2023). Cultural beliefs and equity in educational institutions: exploring the social and philosophical notions of ability groupings in teaching and learning of mathematics. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 28(1), 2270662.
Almaqtari, F. A., Elsheikh, T., Hussainey, K., & Al-Bukhrani, M. A. (2024). Country-level governance and sustainable development goals: implications for firms’ sustainability performance. Studies in Economics and Finance, 41(3), 684–723.
Anheier, H. K., & Knudsen, E. L. (2023). The 21st century trust and leadership problem: Quoi faire? Global Policy, 14(1), 139–148.
Arifianto, A., Prabowo, G., Setiawan, A., Sain, Z. H., Robbani, H. R. S., & Duerapho, Z. (2025). Management Strategies for Developing the PAI Learning Program at SMP NU Islamic Center Pesanggaran. MUMTAZ: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 5(1), 65–82.
Armstrong, M. (2024). Racism despite integration: Diversity for the sake of mission readiness in the US military. Political Research Quarterly, 77(1), 270–282.
Arroisi, J., Mustopa, R. H. B. C., & Djayusman, R. R. (2024). Coping the discrepancy between moral and intellectual achievement: the model integration of higher education and modern Islamic Boarding Schools in Indonesia. Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies, 14(2), 231–257.
Baka, W. K., Rianse, I. S., & la Zulfikar, Z. (2024). Palm oil business partnership sustainability through the role of social capital and local wisdom: evidence from palm oil plantations in Indonesia. Sustainability, 16(17), 7541.
Biesta, G. (2023). The integrity of education and the future of educational studies. British Journal of Educational Studies, 71(5), 493–515.
Bitektine, A., & Song, F. (2023). On the role of institutional logics in legitimacy evaluations: The effects of pricing and CSR signals on organizational legitimacy. Journal of Management, 49(3), 1070–1105.
Boud, D., & Bearman, M. (2024). The assessment challenge of social and collaborative learning in higher education. Educational Philosophy and Theory, 56(5), 459–468.
Buanaputra, V. G., Astuti, D., & Sugiri, S. (2022). Accountability and legitimacy dynamics in an Islamic boarding school. Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change, 18(4), 553–570.
Budiharso, T., Bakri, S., & Sujito, S. (2023). Transformation of education system of the pesantren in indonesia from the dutch colony to democratic era. Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 14(4), 179–206.
Chen, D., Lu, Y., Li, Z., & Young, S. (2022). Performance evaluation of deep transfer learning on multi-class identification of common weed species in cotton production systems. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 198, 107091.
Clarke, J., Hurst, C., & Tomlinson, J. (2024). Maintaining the meritocracy myth: A critical discourse analytic study of leaders’ talk about merit and gender in academia. Organization Studies, 45(5), 635–660.
Coco, L. K., Heidler, P., Fischer, H. A., Albanese, V., Marzo, R. R., & Kozon, V. (2023). When the going gets challenging—Motivational theories as a driver for workplace health promotion, employees well-being and quality of life. Behavioral Sciences, 13(11), 898.
Cole, R. (2024). Inter-rater reliability methods in qualitative case study research. Sociological Methods & Research, 53(4), 1944–1975.
Crawford, J., Allen, K.-A., Pani, B., & Cowling, M. (2024). When artificial intelligence substitutes humans in higher education: the cost of loneliness, student success, and retention. Studies in Higher Education, 49(5), 883–897.
Demir, T., Reddick, C. G., & Perlman, B. J. (2023). Ethical performance in local governments: An empirical study of organizational leadership and ethics culture. The American Review of Public Administration, 53(5–6), 209–223.
Domingo, V., & Fernández Espinosa, V. (2025). Developing virtue-based leadership education: The Leaders of Character Program at Francisco de Vitoria University (Spain). Journal of Moral Education, 1–23.
Donkoh, S., & Mensah, J. (2023). Application of triangulation in qualitative research. Journal of Applied Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 10(1), 6–9.
Ferede, W. L., Endawoke, Y., & Tessema, G. (2025). Assessment of meritocracy, accountability, and public service reforms in Ethiopia: evidence from public organizations in the Northwest Region. Cogent Business & Management, 12(1), 2492388.
Fernandez, S., & Cheema, F. (2025). Testing the effects of merit appointments and bureaucratic autonomy on governmental performance: Evidence from African bureaucracies. Public Administration Review, 85(5), 1460–1475.
Fuentes, J. L., & Sánchez-Pérez, Y. (2024). The complexity of ethical assessment: Interdisciplinary challenge for character education. Nursing Ethics, 31(1), 65–78.
Gamage, K. A. A., Dehideniya, D., & Ekanayake, S. Y. (2021). The role of personal values in learning approaches and student achievements. Behavioral Sciences, 11(7), 102.
Haesebrouck, K., Van den Abbeele, A., & Williamson, M. G. (2021). Building trust through knowledge sharing: Implications for incentive system design. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 93, 101241.
Haniffah, N. L., Shaiban, M. S., & Ahmed, P. (2023). Development and validation of a performance measurement system based on Islamic principles. Heliyon, 9(5).
He, Q., Li, W., Zhang, P., & Guo, C. (2024). Corporate governance, policy robustness and carbon neutrality in the digital economy: Insights from the natural resource exploitation sector. Resources Policy, 88, 104477.
Kanagasundaram, K., & Solaiyan, E. (2023). Smart cement‐sensor composite: The evolution of nanomaterial in developing sensor for structural integrity. Structural Concrete, 24(5), 6297–6337.
Karim, A., Fathurohman, O., Sulaiman, S., Marliani, L., Muhammadun, M., & Firmansyah, B. (2025). How do principals act as leaders and managers in boarding and public schools in Indonesia? Cogent Education, 12(1), 2445354.
Karim, A., Fathurrohman, O., Muhammadun, Saripudin, W., Rahmat, D., & Mansir, F. (2023). Altruistic works, religion, and corruption: Kiai s’ leadership to shape anti-corruption values in pesantren. Cogent Social Sciences, 9(1), 2238968.
Kazu, brahim Y. ar, & Kuvvetli, M. (2023). A triangulation method on the effectiveness of digital game-based language learning for vocabulary acquisition. Education and Information Technologies, 28(10), 13541–13567.
Koeswayo, P. S., Haryanto, H., & Handoyo, S. (2024). The impact of corporate governance, internal control and corporate reputation on employee engagement: a moderating role of leadership style. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1), 2296698.
Konrad, A. M., Richard, O. C., & Yang, Y. (2021). Both diversity and meritocracy: Managing the diversity‐meritocracy paradox with organizational ambidexterity. Journal of Management Studies, 58(8), 2180–2206.
Kumar, A., Bapuji, H., & Mir, R. (2022). “Educate, agitate, organize”: Inequality and ethics in the writings of Dr Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar. Journal of Business Ethics, 1–14.
Laufer, M., Deacon, B., Mende, M. A., & Schäfer, L. O. (2025). Leading with trust: How university leaders can foster innovation with educational technology through organizational trust. Innovative Higher Education, 50(1), 303–327.
Leithwood, K. (2021). A review of evidence about equitable school leadership. Education Sciences, 11(8), 377.
Li, H., & Ergenc, C. (2024). Party-led public participation in neighborhood governance: a comparative analysis of two forms of social networks. Journal of Chinese Governance, 9(1), 130–152.
Loo, S. H., Wider, W., Lajuma, S., Jiang, L., Kenikasahmanworakhun, P., Tanucan, J. C. M., & Ahmad Khadri, M. W. A. (2024). Key factors affecting employee job satisfaction in Malaysian manufacturing firms post COVID-19 pandemic: a Delphi study. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1), 2380809.
Mikiewicz, P. (2021). Social capital and education–An attempt to synthesize conceptualization arising from various theoretical origins. Cogent Education, 8(1), 1907956.
Mujahid, I. (2021). Islamic orthodoxy-based character education: creating moderate Muslim in a modern pesantren in Indonesia. Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies, 11(2), 185–212.
Mulaphong, D. (2023). Does meritocracy produce desirable outcomes for public organizations? Results of a worldwide expert survey from 149 nations. Public Integrity, 25(6), 578–598.
Mun, E., & Kodama, N. (2022). Meritocracy at work?: Merit-based reward systems and gender wage inequality. Social Forces, 100(4), 1561–1591.
Nuryadi, S., Prayitno, I., & Kumoro, D. F. C. (2025). A Model of Character Development for Santri: The Role of Ethical Leadership, Value Development, and Character-Based Learning Mediated by Students’ Experiences. International Journal of Social and Management Studies, 6(1), 15–23.
Ossai, M. C., Ethe, N., Edougha, D. E., & Okeh, O. D. (2023). Academic integrity during examinations, age and gender as predictors of academic performance among high school students. International Journal of Educational Development, 100, 102811.
Öztürk, A., & Arun, K. (2025). Nudge theory on intrapreneurship: a conceptual view. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 17(2), 453–482.
Richardson, J. L., Moore, A., Bromley, R. L., Stellfeld, M., Geissbhler, Y., Bluett-Duncan, M., Winterfeld, U., Favre, G., Alexe, A., & Oliver, A. M. (2023). Core data elements for pregnancy pharmacovigilance studies using primary source data collection methods: recommendations from the IMI ConcePTION project. Drug Safety, 46(5), 479–491.
Roqib, M. (2021). Increasing social class through islamic boarding schools in Indonesia. Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 12(2), 305–329.
Sahrodi, J., & Karim, A. (2025). Leader power of Islamic higher education institutions in improving the performance of human resources management. Cogent Arts & Humanities, 12(1), 2442818.
Sakti, S. A., Endraswara, S., & Rohman, A. (2024). Revitalizing local wisdom within character education through ethnopedagogy apporach: A case study on a preschool in Yogyakarta. Heliyon, 10(10).
Sato, S. N., Condes Moreno, E., Rubio-Zarapuz, A., Dalamitros, A. A., Yañez-Sepulveda, R., Tornero-Aguilera, J. F., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2023). Navigating the new normal: Adapting online and distance learning in the post-pandemic era. Education Sciences, 14(1), 19.
Setiawan, A., Azhar, A. K., & Rofiq, i A. (2025). TADBIR : Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam TADBIR : Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam. 13(01), 99–114. https://journal.iaingorontalo.ac.id/index.php/tjmpi/article/download/5772/2694
Setiawan, A., & Ekaningsih, L. A. F. (2025). Education financing management in the digital era: An analysis of the role of virtual accounts tuition payments in Islamic boarding school. Proceeding: Islamic Education Management International Conference, 1(1), 1–15.
Setiawan, A., Huzali, I., & Wafiroh, N. (2024). The Role of Performance Appraisal on Educator Retention and Motivation in Islamic Junior School. 7(4), 278–285.
Shah, R., & Inamullah, H. M. (2025). The Role of Madrassa Education in Cultivating Moral Excellence: A Qualitative Analysis. Review Journal of Social Psychology & Social Works, 3(2), 63–72.
Situmorang, B. (2022). Development of Traditional Management Model of Traditional Islamic Boarding School Education Based on Total Quality Management in Islamic Education (Tqm-Ie) in Aceh Province, Indonesia. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 6(5), 7355–7377.
Taja, N., Nurdin, E. S., Kosasih, A., Suresman, E., & Supriyadi, T. (2021). Character education in the pandemic era: A religious ethical learning model through Islamic education. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 20(11), 132–153.
Tarigan, A., Gustomo, A., & Bangun, Y. R. (2025). Are performance appraisals in the public sector fair? EXPLORING bias and best practices. Cogent Business & Management, 12(1), 2458760.
Waltzer, T., Cox, R. L., & Heyman, G. D. (2023). Testing the ability of teachers and students to differentiate between essays generated by ChatGPT and high school students. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2023(1), 1923981.
Wijaya Mulya, T., & Sakhiyya, Z. (2021). ‘Leadership is a sacred matter’: women leaders contesting and contextualising neoliberal meritocracy in the Indonesian academia. Gender and Education, 33(7), 930–945.
Yener, C. (2021). Exploring the Drivers of Research Productivity: A Study of Motivation and Hygiene Factors Among Academics. Journal of Policy Options, 4(2), 30–36.
Published
2026-02-03
How to Cite
Dzofron Abiyyu Tsaqib Muhes, A., & Siti Aimah. (2026). Meritocracy in Islamic Boarding School Tradition as Talent and Performance Based Human Resource Management in Islamic Higher Education Institutions. GHAITSA : Islamic Education Journal , 7(1), 47-59. https://doi.org/10.62159/ghaitsa.v7i1.2158
Section
Articles
Copyright (c) 2026 Ahmad Dzofron Abiyyu Tsaqib Muhes, Siti Aimah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
