From Legal Guidance to Spiritual Pedagogical Transformation: Exploring the Dimensions of Sufi Education in the Indonesian Ulema Council’s Fatwa on Interaction on Social Media
Abstract
The phenomenon of conflict among Muslims as social media users presents ethical challenges that require both a legalistic and an educational approach. This study aims to explore the values of Sufi education in the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) fatwa on Guidelines for Interaction on Social Media. This qualitative study, conducted in the format of a normative-philosophical study of Islamic law, employs content analysis and a prescriptive approach. The primary data consists of MUI Fatwa No. 24 of 2017 on Interaction on Social Media. Meanwhile, secondary data was obtained from various relevant scholarly sources. The trilogy of Sufi educational values tazkiyat al-nafs, tahdzib al-akhlak, and tahqiq al-ihsan served as the foundation for this study’s perspective. The results of the study on the dimensions of Sufi educational values in the MUI fatwa regarding guidelines for muamalah on social media include, among others, the value of tahqiq al-ihsan in the guidelines, which promotes a humanistic and public-interest-oriented digital civilization. Next is the value of tahdzib al-akhlak in guidelines for strengthening communication ethics through the control of negative behavior on social media. Following that is the value of tazkiyat al-nafs in guidelines that emphasize verification and moderation in a pluralistic society. These findings confirm that socio-religious fatwas serve not only as legal norms but also as instruments of Sufi-based character education in fostering social media ethics.
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